Manajemen N-IOM (Manajemen Neurologi-Intraoperatif) pada Eksisi Tumor Myelum dan Dekompresi Stabilisasi Servikal C2-C6
Abstract
Pemantauan neurofisiologis intraoperatif (N-IOM) berkembang menuju standar perawatan untuk meminimalkan risiko cedera jalur saraf selama prosedur bedah saraf. Pentingnya tidak hanya terletak dalam mendiagnosis cedera pada periode perioperatif untuk pasien yang berisiko tinggi serta komplikasi neurologis dari operasi tetapi juga dalam menciptakan kesempatan untuk menyelamatkan jaringan saraf yang berisiko sebelum kerusakan menjadi ireversibel. Operasi pada tulang belakang merupakan salah satu operasi dengan tingkat resiko tinggi untuk mencederai jaringan sehat sekitar, oleh sebab itu teknik anestesi dengan N-IOM akan sangat membantu mengurangi komplikasi durante operasi. Beberapa penelitian sebelumnya meneliti tentang kombinasi yang berbeda dari teknik N-IOM (seperti somatosensory evoked potentials [SEPs], motor evoked potentials [MEPs], direct wave, free- running electromyography). Hasilnya didapatkan bahwa penggunaan N-IOM multimodal untuk operasi tumor sumsum tulang belakang memberikan hasil yang lebih baik daripada penggunaan N-IOM dengan satu teknik. Teknik N-IOM dengan menggunakan sedasi seperti propofol dan dexmedetomidine yang dikombinasikan dengan opioid seperti fentanyl dapat menjaga kedalaman anestesi pasien tanpa mengganggu sinyal N-IOM itu sendiri. Untuk memaksimalkan nilainya, penting tim operasi untuk memiliki pemahaman dasar tentang prinsip-prinsip neuromonitoring dan ahli anestesi untuk memahami bagaimana hal itu dapat dipengaruhi oleh anestesi. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan teknik anestesi yang optimal dimana hemodinamik pasien tetap terjaga selama pembedahan dan monitoring IOM tetap dapat dilakukan.
Management N-Iom (Neurology-Intraoperative Management) at Tumor Myelum Exition Decompression and Stabilization Cervical C2-C6
Abstract
Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IOM) is advancing towards the standard of care for the risk of neural pathway injury during neurosurgical procedures. The importance lies not only in finding a diagnosis in the perioperative period for high-risk patients as well as neurologic complications from surgery but also in creating opportunities to salvage neural tissue before the damage becomes irreversible. Surgery on the spine is one of the operations with a high level of risk for injuring the surrounding health tissue, therefore the anesthetic technique with N-IOM will greatly help reduce complications during surgery. Several previous studies investigated different combinations of N-IOM techniques (such as somatosensory evoked potentials [SEPs], motor evoked potentials [MEPs], direct wave, free-running electromyography). The results showed that the use of multimodal N-IOM for spinal cord tumor surgery gave better results than the use of a single technique N-IOM. N-IOM techniques using sedatives such as Propofol and Dexmedetomidine in combination with Opioids can maintain the depth of anesthesia without interfering with the N-IOM signal itself. To maximize its value, it is important for the operating team to have a basic understanding of the principles of neuromonitoring and the anesthesiologist to understand how it can be affected by anesthesia. Therefore, an optimal anesthetic technique is needed where hemodynamics is maintained during surgery and IOM monitoring can still be performed.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24244/jni.v11i1.442
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