Pengaruh Gangguan Tidur dan Peranan Sitokin terhadap Luaran Stroke Iskemik
Abstract
Stroke merupakan penyebab kematian kedua di dunia. Sebanyak 15,4% dari seluruh kematian di Indonesia disebabkan oleh stroke. Prevalensi penyakit stroke meningkat dari tahun ke tahun dan akan menimbulkan masalah di bidang kesehatan. Salah satu faktor yang dapat memperburuk penyakit stroke, diantaranya adalah gangguan tidur. Tujuan penulisan artikel ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara gangguan tidur dan pengaruh sitokin terhadap luaran stroke iskemik. Stroke iskemik akibat aterosklerotik dengan adanya hipoksia pada neuron akan memicu pelepasan sitokin, termasuk tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) dan interleukin-10 (IL-10) dari neuron dan sel glial. Sitokin juga berpengaruh terhadap pola tidur seperti nerve growth factor (NGF) menginduksi non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREM) dan rapid eye movement sleep (REM). Gangguan tidur terutama sleep apnea mempunyai risiko yang lebih besar terhadap kejadian stroke atau risiko kematian oleh sebab apapun. Proses yang terjadi pada stroke iskemik akut menimbulkan respon inflamasi, proses inflamasi ini seperti pedang bermata dua karena di satu sisi menimbulkan kerusakan yang lebih luas, namun di sisi lain dapat bertindak membantu perbaikan. Peningkatan produksi sitokin seperti interleukin-10 (IL-10), IL-6, dan C-reactive protein (CRP) akan menimbulkan luaran yang buruk pada penderita stroke.
The Effect of Sleep Disturbances and The Role of Cytokines on The Outcome of Stroke
Abstract
Stroke is the second cause of death in the world. As many as 15.4% of all deaths in Indonesia are caused by strokes. The prevalence of stroke increases from year to year and will cause problems in the health sector. One of the factors can exacerbate stroke, including sleep disturbances. The aim of this article is to examine the relationship between sleep disturbances and the effect of cytokines on ischemic stroke outcome. Ischemic stroke due to atherosclerosis in the presence of hypoxia in neuron will result in the release of cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) from neurons and glial cells. Cytokines also influence sleep patterns such as nerve growth factor (NGF) inducing non-rapid eye movement sleep (NREM) and rapid eye movement sleep (REM). Sleep disorders, especially sleep apnea, have a greater risk of stroke or risk of death for any cause. The process that occurs in acute ischemic stroke causes an inflammatory response, this inflammatory process is like a double-edged sword because on the one hand it causes more extensive damage, but on the other hand it can act help repair. Increased production of cytokines such as interleukin-10 (IL-10), IL-6, and C-reactive protein (CRP) will lead to poor outcomein stroke patients.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24244/jni.v10i1.336
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