Penggunaan Remifentanil pada Pasien Pediatrik dengan Meningokel yang Dilakukan Tindakan Eksisi Meningokel

Kenanga Marwan Sikumbang, Ardik Lahdimawan

Abstract


Meningokel adalah kondisi kegagalan fusi selubung saraf medulla spinalis yang umum ditemui pada pasien pediatrik. Koreksi meningokel dilakukan dalam posisi prone yang memerlukan tatalaksana anestesi yang hati-hati. Fisiologi neonatus dan infant berbeda dengan orang dewasa, karena fungsi fisiologis system organ masih imatur dan menyebabkan safety margin terbatas, sehingga pilihan obat adalah yang metabolismenya tidak tergantung pada fungsi hati dan ginjal normal. Dalam bidang neuroanestesi pediatrik, penggunaan remifentanil semakin luas, karena onset cepat, efek analgesik poten dan eliminasi cepat. Seorang bayi laki-laki, usia 7 bulan dengan berat badan 7 kg, diagnosis meningokel lumbosacral dilakukan tindakan eksisi meningokel. Pasien diberikan remifentanil 1 mcg/kgbb selama 1 menit dilanjutkan dengan remifentanil kontinyus 0.05-1mcg/kgbb/mnt. Induksi dengan propofol, diberikan atracurium sebelum intubasi. Selama operasi kondisi stabil, tidak terjadi episode bradikardi dan pascaoperasi pasien langsung diekstubasi. Penggunaan remifentanil menjadi pilihan karena onset cepat, efek analgesik poten, eliminasi cepat dan memberikan stabilitas hemodinamik selama operasi. Operasi dengan posisi prone pada pasien pediatrik memerlukan kehati-hatian terutama saat memposisikan pasien, dimana harus yakin pipa ett tidak mengalami dislokasi atau kinking, mencegah  efek penekanan pada mata dan pencegahan terjadinya neuropati perioperatif. Pemakaian remifentanil pada kasus ini memberikan stabilitas hemodinamik yang baik dan pulih sadar yang cepat.

 

Using Remifentanyl For Pediatrik Patient With Meningocele Underwent Meningocelectomy Under General Anesthesia


Abstract

Meningocele is failure of the neural tube to close during first trimester pregnancy which is the most common conditions in pediatrik patient. Correction is performed under prone position with carefull anesthestic procedure. The physiology of neonates and infants are different from that of adults. Immaturity of their vital organ systems narrows the safety margin of perioperative management including anesthesia. Remifentanil is becoming increasingly popular for this purpose. Remifentanil has favorable characteristics for anesthesia in neonates such as rapid onset, potent analgesic effect, and rapid elimination. A baby boy 7 months old, 7 kg, with meningocele lumbosacral underwent meningocelectomy. The patient was given remifentanil 1 mcg/kgbw/iv in one minute and continuous 0.05-0.1 mcg/kgbw/mnt. Induction with propofol iv, atracurium before intubation. Stability hemodynamic during the operation, no episode of bradycardia and patient extubated early after the operation. Remifentanil is an ultra-short-acting opioid, with rapid onset, produces profound analgesia, rapid offset and good stability of hemodynamic during the operation. The operations are carried out prone, careful positioning is paramount to avoid complications like dislodging or kinking of the endotracheal tube, corneal abrasion or perioperative neuropathy. Using remifentanyl in this case report given good hemodynamic stability dan rapid emergence.


Keywords


meningokel; pediatrik; posisi prone; remifentanil; meningocele; pediatrik; prone position; remifentanyl

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24244/jni.v10i1.330

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