Hubungan antara Volume Residu Gaster dan Skor Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) pada Pasien Cedera Otak Traumatik Sedang dan Berat

Abstract

Latar Belakang dan Tujuan: Cedera Otak Traumatik (COT) berhubungan dengan disfungsi gastrointestinal berupa perlambatan pengosongan lambung. Belum jelas adakah hubungan antara skor Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) dan derajat gangguan pengosongan lambung yang terjadi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan volume residu gaster pada pasien COT sedang dan berat serta mengkaji hubungan antara skor GCS dan volume residu gaster pada pasien COT. 

Subjek dan Metode: Penelitian observasional analitik cross-sectional ini dilakukan pada 42 pasien COT sedang dan berat yang dirawat di RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin dari bulan Desember 2016 hingga Juni 2017. Pengukuran volume residu gaster, skor GCS, dan tanda vital dilakukan tiap 6 jam selama 48 jam. Data hasil penelitian diuji dengan uji t tidak berpasangan, Chi Square, dan uji korelasi Pearson.
Hasil: Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa rerata volume residu gaster pada kelompok COT sedang dan berat adalah 10,83 ± 8,15 ml dan 50,59 ± 18,23 ml (p 0,000). Korelasi antara skor GCS dan volume residu gaster menunjukkan adanya korelasi negatif yang bermakna dan sangat kuat (r=-0,745 hingga -,974;p=0,000).
Simpulan: Volume residu gaster pada COT berat lebih banyak dari COT sedang dan terdapat hubungan antara skor GCS dan volume residu gaster pada pasien COT.

Correlation between Gastric Residual Volume and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) Score in Patient with Moderate and Severe Traumatic Brain Injury

Background and Objective: Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is associated with gastrointestinal dysfunction in the form of delayed gastric emptying. It is not clear whether there is a relationship between Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score and the degree of gastric emptying that occurs. This study aimed to compare gastric residual volume in moderate and severe TBI patients and to examine the relationship between GCS score and gastric residual volume in TBI patients.

Subject and Methods: This cross-sectional analytical observational study was conducted on 42 moderate and severe TBI patients who were admitted to Dr. Hasan Sadikin from December 2016 to June 2017. Measurement of gastric residual volume, GCS score, and vital signs were performed every 6 hours for 48 hours. The result data were tested with unpaired t-test, Chi Square, and Pearson correlation test.
Results: The results showed that the mean gastric residual volume in moderate and severe TBI groups was 10.83 ± 8.15 ml and 50.59 ± 18.23 ml (p 0.000). The correlation between GCS and gastric residual volume showed a very strong negative correlation (r=-0,745 to -,974;p=0,000).
Conclusion: Gastric residual volume in patient with severe TBI is more than gastric residual volume in moderate TBI and there was a relationship between GCS score and gastric residual volume in TBI patients.