Ventilasi Mekanik yang Memanjang pada Pasien Cedera Otak Traumatik Berat dengan Kejang Pascatrauma
Abstract
Cedera kepala trauma masih merupakan masalah di seluruh dunia karena masih merupakan salah satu penyebab utama kematian dan kecacatan pada anak-anak dan dewasa. Akibat cedera primer bisa terjadi cedera sekunder yang akan mempengaruhi hasil luaran. Kejang merupakan salah satu komplikasi dari cedera kepala trauma berat. Kejadian kejang, demam, infeksi paru merupakan cedera sekunder yang akan mempengaruhi hasil luaran. Seorang laki-laki, 24 tahun, 50 kg dirujuk dari RSUD dengan penurunan kesadaran GCS E1M2V1, dari hasil scan kepala didapatkan perdarahan intraserebral di frontal kanan/kiri dan parietal kanan, perdurahan subdural, perdarahan subarachnoid dan oedema serebri. Pasien segera diintubasi di UGD dan direncanakan evakuasi perdarahan dan dekompresi craniektomi. Setelah perawatan ke-2 pasien mengalami kejang yang cukup sering dan durasi lama sehingga proses penyapihan dari ventilator terhambat. Dan salah satu komplikasi pemakaian ventilator >48-72 jam adalah ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). Diberikan terapi antibiotik sesuai kultur dan penanganan bagi pemulihan paru. Pasien bisa lepas dari ventilator walaupun masih terpasang dengan tracheostomy.
Prolonged of Mechanical Ventilation at Intensive Care Unit (ICU) in Patients with Severe Traumatic Head Injury with Post Traumatic Seizures
Traumatic head injury is still a worldwide problem as it is still one of the leading causes of death and disability in children and adults. As a result of a primary injury, a secondary injury will affect the outcome. Seizures are one of the complications of severe trauma head injury. Occurrence of seizures, fever, lung infections is a secondary injury that will affect the outcome. A man, 24 years old, 50 kg was referred from the RSUD with decreased awareness of GCS E1M2V1, from head scans obtained intracerebral hemorrhage on the right and left frontal and right parietal, subdural suburural, subarachnoid hemorrhage and cerebral edema. Patients are immediately intubated in the ER and planned evacuation of bleeding and craniectomy decompression. After the 2nd treatment the patient experienced frequent seizures and long duration so that the weaning process of the ventilator is inhibited. And one of the complications of ventilator use> 48-72 hours is VAP (ventilator-associated pneumonia). Given appropriate antibiotic therapy for culture and treatment for lung recovery. Patients can escape from the ventilator although still attached with tracheostomy.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24244/jni.vol7i2.7
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