Fast Track Anesthesia untuk Prosedur Kraniotomi Evakuasi Hematom karena Stroke Hemoragik

Bona Akhmad Fithrah, Bambang Suryono, Siti Chasnak Saleh, Himendra Warga Dibrata

Abstract


Fast tract anesthesia pertama kali dikenalkan pada periode 1990 dengan maksud untuk untuk mencegah kerusakan multi organ, komplikasi dan berujung pada masa pemulihan yang cepat. Dengan masa pemulihan yang cepat diharapkan akan mengurangi penggunaan ruang rawat intensif dan masa tinggal di rumah sakit yang lebih pendek. Prosedur fast tract bukan sekedar ekstubasi cepat tapi juga bagaimana mengelola pasien secara efektif dan efisien anestesi dalam periode perioperatif. Kondisi preoperatif yang baik. Penggunaan obat obatan kerja pendek-menengah dan prosedur yang singkat sangat menentukan kesuksesan fast track anesthesia. Akan kami laporkan suatu kasus perdarahan intrakranial, laki laki 60 th masuk ke IGD dengan keluhan sakit kepala berat, pasien dengan riwayat hipertensi tidak terkontrol, diabetes mellitus dan stroke non hemoragik sebelumnya tahun 2013. GCS masuk E3M6Vapasia. Tekanan darah 180/110 mmHg saat masuk. Dari CT scan kepala didapatkan perdarahan intracrebri pada lokasi temporoparietal kiri. Dilakukan prosedur evakuasi hematom segera. Gejolak hemodinamik saat laringoskopi direk dicegah dengan menggunakan lidokain intravena. Saat intraoperatif dilakukan teknik balans anestesi antara intravenous anestesi dengan gas anestesi. Analgetik diberikan intermitten dan relaksan diberikan secara kontinyu. MAP dipertahankan sekitar 90-110. Gula darah diperiksa setiap jam dan dipertahankan dengan drip insulin. Hemodinamik intraoperatif relatif stabil. Prosedur evakuasi hematom dilakukan selama tiga jam.  Dengan pertimbangan kesadaran preoperatif yang baik, prosedur yang tidak terlalu lama, hemodinamik stabil selama operasi, udem jaringan otak yang minimal tidak ada kerusakan jaringan yang berat maka dilakukan ekstubasi dan pasca operasi pasien dirawat di HCU. Pasien dirawat selama dua hari di HCU dan hari ke delapan pasien sudah keluar dari rumah sakit

Fast Track Anesthesia untuk Prosedur Kraniotomi Evakuasi Hematom karena Stroke Hemoragik

Fast tract anesthesia first time introduced in early 1990 with aim to prevent multi organ failure, complication and speedy recovery.  With a quick recovery will reduce intensive care unit usage and reduce length of stay in the hospital. Fast tract anesthesia not just early extubation but also how to manage with effective and efficient anesthesia during perioperative. Good preoperative condition, using short acting drug and short procedure will determinate the successful of fast tract anesthesia. Here we report an intracerebral hemorrhage with fast tract anesthesia. Men, 60 yo attended to the ER with complaining severe headache. Patient with uncontrolled hypertension, diabettes mellitus and stroke non hemorahic in 2013. GCS when admission E3M6Vaphasia and blood pressure 180/110 mmHg. CT scan said intracerebri hemmorhage at left temporoparietal. Evacuation hematom performed urgently. Hemodinamic unstability during laringoscopy direct prevent with lidocaine intravenous. Anesthesia performed with balamnce anesthesia using intravenous and inhaled anesthesia. Analgetic intermitten, muscle relaxant given continuosly. MAP controlled 90-110. Blood glucose check every one hour and stabilized using insulin. During operation hemodynamic relatively stable. Procedur completed after three hours. Considering preoperatif awareness still good, not too long procedur, hemodynamic stable, and minimal brain edema or other brain tissue damaged patient extubated and transport to High care unit.patient was observed in the HCU for two days and after eight days stayed in the hospital patient can go back home.


Keywords


Fast tract anesthesia; efektif dan efisien anesthesia; perdarahan intracerebral; Fast tract anesthesia; effective and efficient anesthesia; intracerebral haemorrhage

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24244/jni.vol7i2.6

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