Penatalaksanaan Perioperatif Epidural Hematoma karena Pijat Kepala pada Bayi

Bambang Eko Subekti, Diana C. Lalenoh, Sri Rahardjo

Abstract


Cedera kepala pada bayi merupakan merupakan kejadian yang sering terjadi. Sejak bayi dapat tengkurap, berguling, merangkak bisa terjadi kepala bayi membentur dinding saat berganti posisi. Kebiasaan pijat bayi tradisional yang salah juga berisiko terjadinya cedera kepala. Terdapat perbedaan anatomi, fisiologi dan fisikososial, di samping otak bayi yang sedang mengalami perkembangan/pertumbuhan menjadi problem khusus dalam neuroanestesi. Bila terjadi trauma akan menyebabkan angka mortalitas, morbiditas dan kecacatan yang tinggi, yang sangat berpengaruh pada perkembangannya. Seorang bayi laki-laki, 1 bulan, datang ke RS dengan mengalami penurunan kesadaran setelah dipijat oleh dukun bayi tradisional. 3 hari sebelum masuk Rumah Sakit, bayi dipijat kemudian hari berikutnya demam, mual dan muntah, kejang dan kesadarannya menurun. Dibawa ke puskesmas dan dirujuk ke Rumah Sakit Abdul Muluk. Pada pemeriksaan di dapat kondisi lemah, GCS 9, pupil isokor 2/2mm, reflek cahaya +/+, hemodinamik dalam batas normal, anemia (+). Setelah dilakukan pemeriksaan fisik dan pemeriksaan tambahan didiagnosa cedera otak traumatik (GCS 9) dengan epidural hemorrhage (EDH). Pada pasien dilakukan tindakan kraniotomi evakuasi hematom dengan memperhatikan prinsip neuroanestesi selama tindakan bedah berlangsung.

Perioperative Management of Epidural Hematoma for a Head Massage in Infants

Head injury in infants is a common occurence. Infancy can stomach, roll over, crawl could happen baby’s head againts the wall when changing position. Custom baby masssage traditional one is also at risk of head injury. There are differences in anatomy, physiology and psychosocial, as well as infants who are experiencing brain development/growth particular problem in neuroanestesi In the event of trauma will cause mortality, morbidity and a higher rate, which is very influential in the development of infants. A boy,1 months, admitted to hospital with the experience a decrease in consciousness after a massage by masseur traditional. 3 days before entering the hospital, baby massage and then have fever, nausea and vomiting, seizures and decreased consciousness. The baby was brought to Puskesmas and refer to Abdul Muluk hospital. On examination 9 obtained GCS, pupillary light reflex isocoor 2/2mm + / +, hemodynamics in the normal range, anemia (+). After a physical examination and was diagnosed with an additional examination brain damage due to trauma (GCS 9) with epidural hemorraghe. Patient was managed with emergency hematoma evacuation under general anesthesia and with continues and comprehensive care using neuroanesthesia principles.


Keywords


cedera kepala; anestesi pada bayi; anemia; head injury; anesthesia in infants; anemia

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References


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24244/jni.vol6i3.53

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