Perbandingan Luaran Klinis pada Pasien Stroke Iskemik Fase Akut dengan Satu atau Lebih Faktor Risiko

Faqih Hidayat, Uni Gamayani, Yusuf Wibisono, Sobaryati Berliana, Lisda Amalia

Abstract


Latar Belakang dan Tujuan: Stroke menurut WHO adalah terjadinya gejala penurunan fungsi neurologis secara tiba-tiba, fokal maupun global, berlangsung lebih dari 24 jam karena gangguan pasokan darah menuju ke otak. Stroke merupakan penyakit multifaktorial penyebab kematian dan disabilitas. Sebagian besar pasien stroke memiliki ≥ 2 faktor risiko. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk membandingkan gambaran luaran klinis pada pasien stroke iskemik fase akut dengan satu atau lebih faktor risiko.

Subjek dan Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif retrospektif pada pasien stroke iskemik fase akut serangan pertama di Departemen Neurologi Rumah Sakit Hasan Sadikin Bandung periode 2015–2019.

Hasil: Terdapat 176 subjek pada penelitian ini, 160 pasien (90,9%) dengan lebih dari satu faktor risiko dan 16 pasien (9,1%) dengan satu jenis faktor risiko. Faktor risiko paling banyak adalah hipertensi sebanyak 147 pasien (83,5%), dislipidemia 91 pasien (51,7%) dan penyakit kardiovaskular 56 orang (31,8%). Penelitian menunjukan luaran klinis yang diukur dengan skor National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) keluar RS pada kelompok lebih dari satu faktor risiko lebih bervariatif dari derajat ringan hingga sangat berat. Sedangkan, pada kelompok dengan satu faktor risiko skor NIHSS cenderung ringan hingga sedang.

Simpulan: Pasien dengan lebih dari satu faktor risiko memiliki luaran klinis lebih buruk dibandingan pasien dengan satu faktor risiko.

 

Comparison of The Clinical Outcomes between Single and Multiple Risk Factors in Acute Phase Ischemic Stroke Patients

Abstract

 

Background and Objective: Stroke according to WHO is a sudden symptom of neurological deficit, focal or global, lasting >24 hours due to disruption of blood supply to the brain. Stroke is a multifactorial disease that causes death and disbility. Most of stroke patients have ≥2 risk factors. The aim of this study was to determine the comparison of clinical outcomes between single and multiple risk factor in acute phase ischemic stroke patients.

Subjects and Methods: This study was retrospective descriptive study in patient with acute phase ischemic stroke in the Neurology Department Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung from 2015-2019.

Results: There were 176 subjects in this study, 160 patients (90.9%) with multiple risk factor and 16 patients (9.1%) with single risk factor. The most common risk factors were hypertension in 147 patients (83.5%), dyslipidemia in 91 patients (51.7%) and cardiovascular disease in 56 pasien (31.8%). The study showed that the clinical outcomes as measured by National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score for hospital discharge in multiple risk factors group varied from mild to very severe. Meanwhile, single risk factor groups the score tends to be mild to moderate.

Conclusion: Multiple risk factor patients had a worse clinical outcome than single risk factor patients.


Keywords


faktor risiko; luaran klinis; NIHSS; stroke iskemik

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24244/jni.v11i1.345

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