Monitoring Anesthesia Care Menggunakan Target Control Infusion Propofol pada Evacuasi SDH Spontan dengan Kelainan Jantung

Ida Bagus Krisna J. Sutawan, Bambang J Oetoro, Marsudi Rasman

Abstract


Pasien SDH spontan yang berhubungan dengan pengobatan warfarin biasanya memberikan keluaran yang baik setelah dilakukan evakuasi hematom SDH, namun biasanya pasien disertai oleh penyakit-penyakit penyerta yang memberikan tantangan pada saat penaganan anestesi. Monitoring Anasthesia Care (MAC) dengan Target Controlled Infusion (TCI) Propofol dibandingkan dengan bolus manual dihubungkan dengan peningkatan stabilitas hemodinamik dan penurunan dari efek penekanan jalan nafas dan respirasi. Seorang pasien geriatri dengan SDH spontan subkronik, riwayat penggunaan warfarin dan penyakit penyerta atrial fibrilasi, gagal jantung kronik serta hipertiroid dikeluhkan dengan penurunan kesadaran. GCS 13, pupil 3mm/2mm, reflek cahaya menurun, tekanan darah 140/90 dengan nadi irreguler 100x/mnt, murmur positif. CT-scan kepala, SDH frontotemporoparietal  dextra dengan herniasi 1,62 cm ke kiri dan herniasi transtentorial. Echocardiografi, gobal hipokinetik, MR berat, PR sedang,  TR berat dengan ejeksi fraksi 36%. Pembedahan difasilitasi dengan MAC menggunakan TCI propofol model Schnider yang ditingkatkan secara bertahap sampai skala ramsay 5, dan setelah dilakukan sclap blok, sedasi diturunkan sampai skala ramsay 3-4 untuk meminimalisir penekanan jalan nafas dan respirasi. MAC menggunaan kombinasi bolus fentanyl dengan TCI propofol ditambah premedikasi midazolam dan obat adjuvant klonidin,  dapat memfasilitasi dengan baik tindakan evakuasi SDH spontan dengan borrhole. Induksi TCI propofol yang dilakukan dengan model Schnider dengan jalan meningkatkan effect sitenya (Ce) secara bertahap dapat memberikan keadaan hemodinamik yang stabil dan penekanan jalan nafas serta respirasi yang minimal.

Monitoring Anesthesia Care using Target Control Infusion Propofol for Evacuation of  Spontaneous SDH with Heart Problem

Warfarin associated spontaneous SDH patient usually have a good outcome following evacuation of SDH hematoma, however this kind of patient usually have underlying disease that become a challange for the anesthesia management. Monitoring Anasthesia Care (MAC) using Propofol Target Controlled Infusion (TCI) compare to manual bolus, associated with better hemodinamic stabilitas and less respiration/airway deppresion. A geriatic, warfarin associated subchronic spontaneous SDH patient is complained having decrease of conciousness. The patient with underlying disease of atrial fibrilaton, Chronic heart failure and hypertyroidism. GCS 13, pupil 3mm/2mm, decrease pupil reflex, blood pressure 140/90 with irregular pulse 100x/minute, murmur (+). Brain CT-Scan, SDH frontotemporoparietal dextra, with herniation to the left 1,62 cm and transtentorial herniation. Echocardiogrphy, global hypokinetic, MR severe, PR severe, TR severe with ejection fraction 36%. Surgery is fasilitated by MAC using Schiner model TCI propofol with slowly increasing dose to achieved ramsay lever 5. After the sugeon done with their sclap block, the  dose is decreased up till ramsay level 3-4 is achived. The purpose is to minimalized respiratori and airway deppresion. MAC using combination of fentanyl bolus and TCI propofol with premedication midazolam and klonidin, can be use nicely to fasilitated an SDH spontan evacuation by borrhole.  Induction of TCI propofol using Schiner model, in which the effect site (Ce) is slowly increased can give an hemodinamic stability and minimal airway/respiration deppresion.


Keywords


SDH spontan, Warfarin, Monitoring Anasthesia Care (MAC), Target Controlled Infusion (TCI); propofol; spontaneous SDH; warfarin; monitoring anasthesia care (MAC); target controlled infusion (TCI); propofol

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24244/jni.vol6i1.34

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