Kajian Konsep Lund dan Konsep Rosner untuk Tatalaksana Cedera Otak Traumatik Berat
Abstract
Tatalaksana pasien dengan cedera otak traumatik (COT) berat mengalami perubahan berkesinambungan selama 30 tahun terakhir. Tatalaksana yang diarahkan di unit perawatan intensif (intensive care unit/ICU) mengacu pada tatalaksana klinis sebagai titik akhir terapi utama, bertujuan untuk mempertahankan variabel fisiologis tertentu secara ketat dalam rentang target yang telah ditentukan. Satu alternatif terhadap terapi konvensional ini adalah konsep Lund yang mengutamakan penurunan tekanan mikrovaskular. Konsep Lund termasuk suatu strategi target volume untuk mengendalikan tekanan intrakranial, berasal dari Universitas Lund Swedia, lebih dari 27 tahun yang lalu dan tetap masih kontroversi sampai saat ini. Sejak tahun 1996, American Brain Trauma Foundation dan European Brain Injury Consortium, yang mengacu pada konsep Rosner, telah menerbitkan dan memperbarui panduan untuk tatalaksana cedera otak traumatik. Para ahli sangat menyadari adanya patologi intrakranial multifaktorial yang terlihat pada pasien COT berat dan kompleksitas mekanisme cedera otak sekunder setelah trauma primer, akan menemukan bahwa revisi ini sulit untuk dipahami. Hubungan antara peningkatan tekanan intrakranial (TIK) dan hasil luaran klinis yang lebih buruk sudah terbukti. Menyederhanakan fisiologi otak setelah COT berat ke strategi tatalaksana pasien bedasarkan ambang batas adalah berkaitan erat dengan hubungan interaksi komplek antara: peningkatan TIK, aliran darah otak, dan metabolisme otak.
Review of Lund Concept and Rosner Concept for Therapy of Severe Traumatic Brain Injury
Abstract
The management of patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) has undergone continuous changes over the past 30 years. Management directed at the intensive care unit (ICU) refers to clinical management as the main end point of therapy, aiming to maintain certain physiological variables strictly within a predetermined target range. One alternative to this conventional therapy is the Lund concept which prioritizes the reduction of microvascular pressure. The concept of Lund includes a volume target strategy for controlling intracranial pressure, from Lund University in Sweden, more than 27 years ago and remains controversial to date. Since 1996, the American Brain Trauma Foundation and the European Brain Injury Consortium, which refers to the Rosner concept, have published and updated guidelines for the management of traumatic brain injury. Experts are well aware of the multifactorial intracranial pathology seen in severe TBI patients and the complexity of the mechanism of secondary brain injury after primary trauma will find that this revision is difficult to understand. The relationship between increased intracranial pressure (ICP) and worse clinical outcome has been proven. Simplifying the physiology of the brain after severe TBI to the patient's management strategy based on the threshold is closely related to the relationship between complex interactions: increased ICP, cerebral blood flow (CBF), and brain metabolism.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24244/jni.v9i2.248
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