Hubungan Skor GCS dengan Fungsi Kognitif pada Pasien Cedera Otak Traumatik di IGD RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin

Apidha Kartinasari, Fakhrurrazy Fakhrurrazy, Kenanga M. Sikumbang

Abstract


Latar Belakang dan Tujuan: Cedera Otak Traumatik (COT) merupakan cedera yang mempengaruhi tingkat kesadaran serta fungsi neurologis. Pemeriksaan GCS dilakukan untuk mengkategorikan keparahan yang terjadi pada COT. Kondisi pasca COT dapat menyebabkan terjadinya penurunan fungsi kognitif karena terjadi kerusakan pada sel-sel otak serta vaskularisasinya. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat hubungan antara skor GCS dengan pemeriksaan fungsi kognitif menggunakan Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) dan Clock Drawing Test (CDT) pada pasien COT di Instalasi Gawat Darurat (IGD) RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin.
Subjek dan Metode: Penelitian ini bersifat observasional analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sebanyak 48 sampel didapatkan secara consecutive sampling.
Hasil: Pada COT ringan terdapat 2 pasien (10%) mengalami penurunan fungsi kognitif, COT sedang 15 pasien (83,3%), dan COT berat 9 pasien (90%). Analisis data menggunakan uji Chi-Square dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95% menunjukkan penurunan fungsi kognitif seiring dengan semakin beratnya COT (p=0,000).
Simpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara skor GCS dengan fungsi kognitif menggunakan MMSE dan CDT pada pasien COT.

 

Relationship between Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) Score with Cognitive Function in Traumatic Brain Injury Patient at Emergency Department of Ulin General Hospital Banjarmasin

Abstract

Background and Objective: Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) is an injury that affects the level of consciousness and neurological function. GCS examination is done to categorize the severity that occurs in TBI. Conditions after traumatic brain injury cause cognitive function impairment due to damage of brain cells and its vascularization. Analyze the relationship between GCS scores and cognitive function test using MMSE and CDT in TBI patients.
Subject and Method: This study was observational analytic in design with a cross sectional approach. A total of 48 samples were obtained by consecutive sampling.
Result: In mild TBI there were 2 patients (10%) experienced decrease in cognitive function, moderate TBI was 15 patients (83.3%), and 9 patients (90%) in severe TBI. Data analysis used Chi-Square test with 95% confidence level which showed a decrease in cognitive function along with the increasing severity of TBI (p=0.000).
Conclusion: There was a relationship between GCS scores and cognitive function using MMSE and CDT in TBI patients.

 


Keywords


Cedera Otak Traumatik; GCS; Fungsi Kognitif; Mini Mental State Examination; Clock Drawing Test; TBI; GCS; Cognitive Function; Mini Mental State Examination; Clock Drawing Test

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24244/jni.v9i1.209

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