Hematoma Subdural pada Bayi dengan Acquired Prothrombine Complex Deficiency (Apcd) Syndrome Di Rs. Hasan Sadikin Dari Juli 2010 Sampai Februari 2011

Fitri Sepviyanti Sumardi, Dewi Yulianti Bisri, Tatang Bisri

Abstract


Latar Belakang dan Tujuan: Acquired Prothrombine Complex Deficiency (APCD) adalah salah satu penyakit serius bayi, menyebabkan tingkat kematian yang tinggi, dan gejala sisa neurologis permanen pada penderita dengan hematoma subdural (SDH). Beberapa penelitian menyatakan tentang hubungan APCD dengan tingginya prevalensi menggunakan minuman ramuan tradisional disertai pembatasan asupan makanan pada ibu menyusui. Kadar Vitamin K2MK4 pada air susu ibu (ASI) yang menggunakan minuman ramuan tradisional ditemukan lebih rendah dari dibandingkan ASI dari ibu yang tidak menggunakan minuman ramuan tradisional.

Subyek dan Metode: Enam kasus bayi dengan diagnosis SDH spontan karena APCD, ditinjau dari Juli 2010 sampai Februari 2011 di RS Hasan Sadikin Bandung. Data diambil meliputi anamnesis, pemeriksaan fisik, hasil CT-scan, hasil laboratorium, manajemen dan temuan selama pembedahan serta setelah pembedahan.

Hasil: Semua enam bayi menunjukkan bukti memiliki riwayat, tanda dan gejala, dan gangguan perdarahan yang menuju kearah SDH karena APCD. Manajemen pada seluruh kasus di atas termasuk evaluasi awal CT scan, pengobatan intervensi APCD dan bedah menghasilkan hasil keluaran yang baik pada pasca pembedahan dan pemulangan dari rumah sakit.

Simpulan: Faktor koagulasi berkepanjangan pada semua kasus menunjukkan risiko lebih tinggi untuk APCD pada bayi. Penatalaksanaan dini APCD prabedah dan pascabedah memberikan hasil yang baik. Tindakan kraniotomi evakuasi kurang dari 3 hari dari interval onset memberikan hasil yang baik pada skor Children Coma Scale (CCS).

 

Subdural Hematoma in Neonates with Acquired Prothrombine Complex Deficiency (Apcd) Syndrome at Hasan Sadikin Hospital from July 2010 till February 2011

Background and Objective: APCD syndrome is one of the most serious diseases affecting infants. It leads to a high mortality rate and permanent neurological sequelae among the survivors when related with SDH. There are reports about high prevalence of using herb-liquor extracts and diet restriction among mothers of infants with the APCD syndrome. Vitamin K2MK4 levels in breast milk obtained from mothers who had used herb-liquor extracts were lower than vitamin K2MK4 levels in breast milk obtained from mothers who had not used herb-liquor extracts.

Subject and Method: Six infant cases which diagnosed with spontaneous SDH due to APCD syndrome, reviewed from July 2010 to February 2011 at Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung. Data reviewed include history taking, physical examination, CT-scan results, laboratory results, management and findings during operation

Result: All six infants showed evidence of having history, sign and symptoms, and bleeding disorder suggesting SDH due to APCD. Management on all cases above included early CT-scan evaluation, the treatment of APCD and immediate surgical intervention resulted on good outcome on post surgery result and hospital disposal

Conclusions: Prolonged coagulation factors on all cases suggest higher risk for APCD on the infant. Craniotomy evacuation surgery less than 3 days interval from onset immediately gave better outcome on Children Coma Scale (CSS) score.


Keywords


Acquired Prothrombine Deficiency Syndrome; neuroanesthesia; hematoma subdural; acquired prothrombine time complex disorders, subdural hematoma; neurosurgery; neuroanesthesia

Full Text:

PDF

References


Bhanchet P, Bhamarapravati N, Bukkavesa S, Tuchinda S. A new bleeding syndrome in Thai infants. Acquired prothrombin complex sufficiency. The XI Congress of the International Society of Haematology; Sydney, Australia, August 1966:20.

Ungchusak K, Tishyadhigama S, Choprapawon C, Sawadiwutipong W, Varintarawat S. Incidence of idiopathic vitamin K deficiency in infants: a national, hospital based, survey in Thailand, 1983. J Med Assoc Thai 1988; 71: 417-21.

Pooni PA, Singh D, Singh H, Jain BK. Intracranial haemorrhage in late haemorrhagic disease of the newborn. Indian Paediatrics 2003; 40: 243-8.

Waseem M. Vitamin K and haemorrhagic disease of newborns. South Med J 2006; 99: 1199.

Ijland MM, Pereira RR, Cornelissen EA. Incidence of late vitamin K deficiency bleeding in newborns in the Netherland since 2005: evaluation of the current guidelines. Eur J Paediatric 2008; 167: 165-9.

Zengin E, Sarper N, Türker G, Corapçiolu F. Late haemorrhagic disease of the newborn. Ann Trop Paediatric 2006; 26: 225-31.

Haemorrhagic Disease of Newborn presenting as Subdural Hematoma. Col RG Holla (Retd)*, Lt Col AN Prasad+. MJAFI 2010; 66: 86-87

Hubbard D, Tobias JD. Intracerebral haemorrhage due to haemorrhagic disease of the newborn and failure to administer vitamin K at birth. South Med J 2006; 99: 1216-20.

Pansationkul BJ, Ratnasiri B. Acquired prothrombin complex deficiency syndrome: 10 years experience at Children’s hospital. Bull Dept Med Serv 1992; 17: 485-92.

Mitrakul C, Tinakorn P, Rodpengsangkaha P. Spontaneous subdural hemorrhage in infants beyond the neonatal period. J Trop Pediatr Environ Child Health 1977; 23: 226-35.

Pansatiankul BJ, Mekmanee R. Dicumarol content in alcoholic herb elixirs: one of the factors at risk induced IVKD-I. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 1993; 24 Suppl 1: 201-3.

Shearer MJ, Rahim S, Barkhan P, Stimmler L. Plasmavitamin K1 in mothers and their newborn babies.Lancet 1982; 2: 460-3.

Greer FR, Marshall S, Cherry J, Suttie JW. VitaminK status of lactating mothers, human milk, andbreast-feeding infants. Pediatrics 1991; 88: 751-6.

Vitamin K deficiency causing infantile intracranial haemorrhage after the neonatal period. Lancet 1983; 1: 1439-40.

Dremsek PA, Sacher M. Life-threatening hemorrhage caused by vitamin K deficiency in breast-fedinfants. Wien Klin Wochenschr 1987; 99: 314-6.

Forbes D. Delayed presentation of haemorrhagic disease of the newborn. Med J Aust 1983; 2: 136-8.

Lovric VA, Jones RF. The haemorrhagic syndrome of early childhood. Australas Ann Med 1967; 16: 173-5.

Pansatiankul BJ, Isranurug S, Ungchusak K, Thanasophon Y, Sunakorn P. Incidence of acquired prothrombin complex deficiency and the status of vitamin K administration in infants in Thailand. Bull Dept Med Serv 1989; 14: 761-70.

Pansatiankul BJ, Ruengsuwan S, Lektrakul J. Risk factors of bleeding diathesis secondary to low prothrombin complex level in infants: a preliminary report. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 1993; 24 (Suppl 1): 121-6.

Majeed R., Memon Y., Majeed F. Clinical Presentation of late Heamorrhagic Disease of Newborn. J Med Sci January - March 2008;24(1): 52-55




DOI: https://doi.org/10.24244/jni.vol1i4.179

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


                                    

 

JNI is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License