Penatalaksanaan Anestesi pada Perdarahan Intracerebral yang Disebabkan Stroke Hipertensi

Muhammad AR, Nazaruddin Umar, Siti Chasnak Saleh

Abstract


Perdarahan intracerebral (ICH) secara primer pada banyak kasus disebabkan oleh pecahnya pembuluh darah akibat hipertensi kronis yang disebut hipertensif vaskulopati. Akibat perdarahan terjadi hematoma intracerebral yang mengakibatkan terjadinya peningkatan tekanan intrakranial dan penekanan pada jaringan otak sekitar yang menyebabkan terjadinya defisit neurologis yang bila tidak diatasi dengan cepat dapat mengakibatkan kematian atau kecacatan, maka perlu penanganan yang cepat dan tepat. Seorang laki-laki 56 tahun berat badan 70 Kg, datang ke rumah sakit dengan penurunan kesadaran yang terjadi tiba-tiba, sebelumnya paien mengeluh sakit kepala mempunyai riwayat penyakit darah tinggi, sejak lama dan tidak terkontrol. Setelah dilakukan pemeriksaan fisik dan tambahan serta CT Scan didiagnosa dengan Stroke Hemorrhage dengan ICH luas di hemisfer kiri + hemiplegi kanan + hipertensi. Dilakukan operasi kraniotomi dekompresi externa, dengan bantuan anestesi umum, post operasi pasien di rawat ICU kesadaran penderita menjadi membaik, keadaan umum membaik, tekanan darah terkontrol, namun defisit neurologis masih tetap, pasien pulang / pindah ke rumah sakit terdekat untuk perawatan lanjutan berupa fisioterapi dan kontrol hipertensi pada hari ke-22. ICH karena stroke hemorrhage mempunyai angka kematian dan kecacatan yang tinggi, defisit neurologis yang sukar dihilangkan. Tindakan operasi bertujuan untuk menurunkan tekanan intrakranial dan mencegah kematian dan kecacatan tersebut. Maka tindakan yang cepat dan tepat harus segera dilakukan.

 

Anaesthesia Management in Intracerebral Bleeding Caused by Hypertension Stroke

Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is primary in many cases are caused by the rupture of blood vessels due to chronic hypertension called vasculopathy hypertensive hematoma due to intracerebral haemorrhage occurred which resulted in an increase in intracranial pressure and pressure on surrounding brain tissue causing neurological deficits. which if not treated quickly can result in death or disability, it is necessary fast and precise handling. A 56 year male 70 kg weight gain admission with a chief complaint of decreased consciousness occur suddenly, before os os complain of headaches and a history of high blood pressure and uncontrolled for a long time. After a physical examination and CT scan and an additional diagnosed with ICH with extensive Hemorrhage Stroke at left hemisfer + right hemiplegi hypertension. Craniotomy surgical decompression externa, with the help of general anesthesia, postoperative care of patients in ICU patients with a better awareness, improved general condition, blood pressure under control, but the neurological deficit persists, the patient returned/moved to a near by hospital for further treatment in the form of physiotherapy and hypertensive on day-to-22. ICH due to hemorrhagic stroke have a high mortality and high disability, neurological devisit difficult removed. Surgery aims to reduce intracranial pressure and prevent death and disability is. So rapid and appropriate action must be done immediately.


Keywords


Stroke hemorrhagic; ICH; kraniotomi; hemiplegi; hemorrhagic stroke; ICH; craniotomy; hemiplegia

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References


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24244/jni.vol1i3.176

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