Cedera Kepala Berat Pada Pasien Hamil

M. Zafrullah Arifin, Subrady Leo SS, Firman Priguna T

Abstract


Latar Belakang dan Tujuan: Cedera kepala pada wanita dengan kehamilan dapat meningkatkan resiko morbiditas dan mortalitas bagi ibu dan janinnya. Komplikasi yang dapat terjadi antara lain kematian ibu, syok, perdarahan intrauterin, kematian janin intrauterin, trauma janin, abruptio placenta, ruptur uterin. Penyebab tersering dari trauma tersebut antara lain kecelakaan lalulintas, terjatuh dari ketinggian, kekerasan dalam rumah tangga, dan luka tembak. Banyak penilaian dan penanganan yang unik untuk kasus ini, meskipun evaluasi awal dan resusitasi sasaran utama untuk menyelamatkan ibu. Setelah keadaan ibu stabil baru dilakukan evaluasi dan penilaian dari janin. Monitoring tokokardiografi, pemeriksaan ultrasound, CT-Scan kepala dapat dilakukan disertai dengan tindakan kraniotomi dan atau seksio sesarea.

Subjek dan Metode: Penelitian observasional dari tahun 2008-2012, serial kasus, pada wanita hamil yang mengalami cedera kepala berat dan dilakukan operasi untuk evakuasi hematoma.

Hasil: Selama 3 tahun terakhir telah dilakukan tindakan pembedahan untuk penderita cedera kepala dengan kehamilan sebanyak 3 kasus, dua diantaranya disertai dengan seksio sesarea.

Simpulan: Kasus cedera kepala pada wanita dengan kehamilan tergolong jarang dan penanganan dini multidisiplin pada cedera kepala berat pada kehamilan dapat menurunkan risiko morbiditas dan mortalitas untuk ibu dan janin


Severe Head Injury in Pregnant Patients

Background and Objective: Head injury in pregnancy can increase the risks of mortality and morbidity, both for the mother and fetus. Common complications are including death, shock, intrauterine bleeding, intrauterine fetal death, fetal trauma, placental abruptio and, uterine rupture. Motor vehicle accident, falls, assault and gun shot wound are the primary cause of injury. Treatment and recognition of this cases are unique, even though the main target are early evaluation and resuscitation of the mother and afterward, the fetus. Tococardiography monitoring, ultrasound, and head CT Scan can be perform with or without craniotomy and caesarean section.

Subject and Method: An observasional study taken from the year of 2008-2012, a serial case report in pregnant women with severe head injury undergoing operation for evacuation of hematoma.

Result: During the last 3 years, three patients had underwent surgery for head injury with two of them underwent a sectio caesarean procedure.

Conclusion: The incidence of head injury in pregnant women is considered very rare and an early multidiciplinary management for head injury in pregnancy can decrease the risk of morbidity and mortality for both the mother and the fetus.


Keywords


Cedera kepala; kehamilan; pembedahan; luaran; head injury; pregnancy; surgery; outcome

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References


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24244/jni.v1i3.169

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