Pengelolaan Anestesi pada Pasien yang dilakukan Eksisi Tumor Medula Spinalis Servikal 2-3 dengan Ventrikel Ekstra Sistole

Nurmala Dewi Maharani, Iwan Abdul Rachman, Dewi Yulianti Bisri, Sudadi Sudadi, Siti Chasnak Saleh

Abstract


Penyakit yang mengakibatkan kompresi medulla spinalis dapat mengakibatkan iritasi pada sistem saraf otonom. Hiperinervasi saraf simpatis berisiko tinggi pada aritmia ditandai adanya perubahan pada elektrokardiografi, yakni perubahan durasi gelombang P, durasi QRS, depresi segmen ST, interval puncak gelombang T dan ventrikel ekstrasistol. Laki- laki 52 tahun dengan tumor intra-ektramedullar pada area cervikalis 2-3 dengan tetraparesis dan ventrikel ektrasistol dilakukan wide eksisi tumor dan stabilisasi posterior. Pemeriksaan fisik nadi 90 x/menit teraba tidak teratur. Elektrokardiogarfi (EKG) didapatkan hasil irama irreguler 82 x/menit, ventrikel ektrasistol 10 x/menit. Echocardiography menunjukkan disfungsi diastolik grade 3 preserved LV function. Sebelum operasi pasien diberikan terapi ventrikel ektrasistol dengan menggunakan analgetik dan amiodaron 150 mg (10 mL) pada 10 menit pertama, dilanjutkan dengan 360 mg (200 mg) untuk 6 jam selanjutnya, 540 mg untuk 18 jam berikutnya dan analgetik. Induksi anestesi dilakukan dengan midazolam 3 mg, fentanyl 200 mcg, lidokain 60 mg, propofol 100 mg, dan atricurium 30 mg serta intubasi manual in-line. Dilakukan pemasangan arteri line dan kateter vena sentral setelahnya pasien diposisikan prone. Pembedahan berlangsung 6 jam. Pasien dirawat di ICU 2 hari sebelum pindah ruang rawat biasa. Pemberian amiodarone sendiri dapat dipertimbangkan pada ventrikel ekstrasistol maligna yang memerlukan tatalaksana segera dengan pertimbangan hemodinamik pasien dalam keadaan stabil.

 

Anesthesia Management for Cervical 2-3 Spinal Cord Tumor with Ventricles Extrasystole

Abstract

Compression of the spinal cord can cause irritation to the autonomic nervous system. Hyperinervation of sympathetic nerves at high risk for arrhythmias characterized by electrocardiographic results in changes in P-wave duration, QRS duration, ST-segment depression, T-wave peak interval, and ventricular extrasystole. A 52-year-old male with an intra-extramedullar tumor in cervical 2-3, tetraparesis, dysrhythmias, and ventricular extrasystole bigemini. Wide excision of tumor and posterior stabilization would be performed. The pulse was 90x/minute palpable irregularly. Electrocardiography examination revealed irregular rhythm 82 x/minute and ventricular extrasystole 10 x/minute. Echocardiography showed grade 3 diastolic dysfunction with preserved LV function. Before the procedure, the patient was given management for the dysrhythmia and ventricular extrasystole with analgetics and amiodaron 150mg (10ml) in the first 10 minutes followed by 360mg (200mg) for the next 6 hours, 540mg for the next 18 hours and analgetics. General anesthesia carried out with midazolam 3mg, fentanyl 200mcg, lidocaine 60mg, propofol 100mg, and atricurium 30mg, with manual intubation in-line. After arterial line and central venous catheter insertion, the patient was placed in the prone position. Surgery lasted for approximately 6 hours. The patient was treated in the ICU for 2 days before moving to the usual ward. Amiodarone can be considered in ventricular extrasystole requiring immediate treatment with stable hemodynamic.


Keywords


anestesi, disritmia jantung, tumor medula spinalis, ventrikel ekstrasistol

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24244/jni.v10i2.354

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