Pemberian Salin Hipertonik 3% Selama Kraniotomi pada Pasien dengan Cedera Otak Traumatik Memberikan Relaksasi Otak yang Lebih Baik Dibandingkan dengan Manitol 20%

Made Ayu Damayanthi, I Ketut Sinardja

Abstract


Latar Belakang dan Tujuan: Manitol telah dipakai secara luas sebagai pilihan osmoterapi untuk menurunkan masa otak baik itu akibat cedera otak maupun tumor. Beberapa penelitian menyebutkan bahwa salin hipertonik sama efektifnya bahkan lebih baik dalam menurunkan tekanan intrakranial maupun menurunkan masa otak intraoperatif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai kondisi relaksasi otak setelah pemberian salin hipertonik 3% dibandingkan dengan manitol 20% selama kraniotomi pada pasien dengan cedera otak traumatik.

Subyek dan Metode: Empat puluh dua pasien dengan cedera otak traumatik yang memenuhi kriteria eligibilitas diikutsertakan dalam penelitian uji klinik prospektif ini. Keempatpuluhdua pasien dibagi menjadi dua kelompok, kelompok A menerima 5 mL/kgBB salin hipertonik 3% dan kelompok B menerima 5 mL/kgBB mannitol 20% yang diberikan saat insisi kulit kepala selama 15 menit. Pada saat pembukaan duramater, dokter bedah saraf menilai relaksasi otak berdasarkan skala empat poin, selanjutnya data relaksasi otak dibagi menjadi data dikotom (favorable dan unfavorable). Analisis statistik dilakukan uji chi-kuadrat dan nilai p<0,05 dianggap signifikan.

Hasil: Kondisi otak favorable didapatkan pada 19 pasien (90,5%) pada kelompok A dan 13 pasien (61,9%) pada kelompok B. Analisis statistik menyebutkan kondisi relaksasi otak setelah pemberian salin hipertonik 3% bermakna lebih baik dibandingkan dengan manitol 20% (uji chi-kuadrat), nilai p<0,05).

Simpulan: Pemberian salin hipertonik 3% selama kraniotomi pada pasien dengan cedera otak traumatik memberikan relaksasi otak yang lebih baik dibandingkan manitol 20%

 

Hypertonic Saline 3% Provide a Better Brain Relaxation During Craniotomy in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury Compared to Mannitol 20%

Background and Objective: Mannitol has been widely used as an osmotherapy agent to reduce brain mass caused either by brain injury or tumor. Many studies argued that hypertonic saline is as effective or even better in reducing intracranial pressure and intraoperative brain mass. The purpose of this study was to evaluate brain relaxation after administration of hypertonic saline 3% compared to mannitol 20% during craniotomy in patients with traumatic brain injury.

Material and Methods: Forty two patients who met the eligibility criteria were enrolled into this prospective clinical trial. Patients were randomized into two groups, group A received 5 mL/kg of hypertonic saline 3% and group B received 5 mL/kg of mannitol 20% at scalp incision, infused in 15 minutes. After opening duramater, neurosurgeon assessed brain relaxation on four-point scale. Data were dichotomized into two points (favorable and unfavorable) and analyzed by chi-square test, p-value less than 0.05 was considered significant.

Results: Favorable brain were observed in 19 patients (90.5%) in group A and 13 patients (61,9%) in group B. Statistical analysis showed that brain relaxation after administration of hypertonic saline 3% was significantly better compared to mannitol 20% (chi-square test, p-value less than 0.05).

Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that administration of hypertonic saline 3% provides better brain relaxation during craniotomy in patients with traumatic brain injury compared to mannitol 20%.


Keywords


Cedera otak traumatik; kraniotomi; manitol 20%; relaksasi otak; salin hipertonik 3%; brain relaxation; craniotomy; hypertonic saline 3%; mannitol 20%; traumatic brain injury

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24244/jni.vol2i3.152

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